CyberAlerts is shutting down on June 30th, 2025. Thank you for your support!

CVE-2025-5878: ESAPI esapi-java-legacy SQL Injection Defense Encoder.encodeForSQL special element

6.9 CVSS

Description

A vulnerability was found in ESAPI esapi-java-legacy and classified as problematic. This issue affects the interface Encoder.encodeForSQL of the SQL Injection Defense. An attack leads to an improper neutralization of special elements. The attack may be initiated remotely and an exploit has been disclosed to the public. The project was contacted early about this issue and handled it with an exceptional level of professionalism. Upgrading to version 2.7.0.0 is able to address this issue. Commit ID f75ac2c2647a81d2cfbdc9c899f8719c240ed512 is disabling the feature by default and any attempt to use it will trigger a warning. And commit ID e2322914304d9b1c52523ff24be495b7832f6a56 is updating the misleading Java class documentation to warn about the risks. Eine problematische Schwachstelle wurde in ESAPI esapi-java-legacy gefunden. Es geht hierbei um die Funktion Encoder.encodeForSQL der Komponente SQL Injection Defense. Durch das Manipulieren mit unbekannten Daten kann eine improper neutralization of special elements-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Der Angriff kann über das Netzwerk angegangen werden. Der Exploit steht zur öffentlichen Verfügung. Ein Aktualisieren auf die Version 2.7.0.0 vermag dieses Problem zu lösen. Der Patch wird als f75ac2c2647a81d2cfbdc9c899f8719c240ed512 bezeichnet. Als bestmögliche Massnahme wird das Einspielen eines Upgrades empfohlen.

Classification

CVE ID: CVE-2025-5878

CVSS Base Severity: MEDIUM

CVSS Base Score: 6.9

CVSS Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Problem Types

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Improper Input Validation

Affected Products

Vendor: ESAPI

Product: esapi-java-legacy

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

EPSS Score: 0.07% (probability of being exploited)

EPSS Percentile: 21.44% (scored less or equal to compared to others)

EPSS Date: 2025-07-04 (when was this score calculated)

References

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5878
https://vuldb.com/?id.314321
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.314321
https://vuldb.com/?submit.590149
https://vuldb.com/?submit.590150
https://github.com/uglory-gll/javasec/blob/main/ESAPI.md
https://github.com/ESAPI/esapi-java-legacy/blob/develop/documentation/ESAPI-security-bulletin13.pdf
https://github.com/ESAPI/esapi-java-legacy/commit/f75ac2c2647a81d2cfbdc9c899f8719c240ed512
https://github.com/ESAPI/esapi-java-legacy/releases/tag/esapi-2.7.0.0
https://github.com/ESAPI/esapi-java-legacy/commit/e2322914304d9b1c52523ff24be495b7832f6a56

Timeline