Description

kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes.

Classification

CVE ID: CVE-2025-48710

CVSS Base Severity: MEDIUM

CVSS Base Score: 4.1

CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N

Affected Products

Vendor: kro.run

Product: kro

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

EPSS Score: 0.1% (probability of being exploited)

EPSS Percentile: 28.46% (scored less or equal to compared to others)

EPSS Date: 2025-06-26 (when was this score calculated)

References

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48710
https://github.com/kro-run/kro/compare/v0.2.1...v0.2.2
https://orca.security/resources/blog/kubernetes-crd-abstraction-risks-kro/

Timeline