Description

vLLM, an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs), has an issue in versions 0.6.5 through 0.8.4 that ONLY impacts environments using the `PyNcclPipe` KV cache transfer integration with the V0 engine. No other configurations are affected. vLLM supports the use of the `PyNcclPipe` class to establish a peer-to-peer communication domain for data transmission between distributed nodes. The GPU-side KV-Cache transmission is implemented through the `PyNcclCommunicator` class, while CPU-side control message passing is handled via the `send_obj` and `recv_obj` methods on the CPU side.​ The intention was that this interface should only be exposed to a private network using the IP address specified by the `--kv-ip` CLI parameter. The vLLM documentation covers how this must be limited to a secured network. The default and intentional behavior from PyTorch is that the `TCPStore` interface listens on ALL interfaces, regardless of what IP address is provided. The IP address given was only used as a client-side address to use. vLLM was fixed to use a workaround to force the `TCPStore` instance to bind its socket to a specified private interface. As of version 0.8.5, vLLM limits the `TCPStore` socket to the private interface as configured.

Classification

CVE ID: CVE-2025-47277

CVSS Base Severity: CRITICAL

CVSS Base Score: 9.8

CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected Products

Vendor: vllm-project

Product: vllm

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

EPSS Score: 0.06% (probability of being exploited)

EPSS Percentile: 19.61% (scored less or equal to compared to others)

EPSS Date: 2025-06-06 (when was this score calculated)

Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)

SSVC Exploitation: none

SSVC Technical Impact: total

SSVC Automatable: true

References

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47277
https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-hjq4-87xh-g4fv
https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/15988
https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/commit/0d6e187e88874c39cda7409cf673f9e6546893e7
https://docs.vllm.ai/en/latest/deployment/security.html

Timeline