CVE-2025-27407: Remote code execution when loading a crafted GraphQL schema

9.1 CVSS

Description

graphql-ruby is a Ruby implementation of GraphQL. Starting in version 1.11.5 and prior to versions 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, and 2.3.21, loading a malicious schema definition in `GraphQL::Schema.from_introspection` (or `GraphQL::Schema::Loader.load`) can result in remote code execution. Any system which loads a schema by JSON from an untrusted source is vulnerable, including those that use GraphQL::Client to load external schemas via GraphQL introspection. Versions 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, and 2.3.21 contain a patch for the issue.

Classification

CVE ID: CVE-2025-27407

CVSS Base Severity: CRITICAL

CVSS Base Score: 9.1

CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Problem Types

CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Affected Products

Vendor: rmosolgo

Product: graphql-ruby

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

EPSS Score: 4.32% (probability of being exploited)

EPSS Percentile: 87.89% (scored less or equal to compared to others)

EPSS Date: 2025-04-10 (when was this score calculated)

Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)

SSVC Exploitation: none

SSVC Technical Impact: total

SSVC Automatable: false

References

Timeline

2025-03-12 19:40:17 UTC
CVE

Remote code execution when loading a crafted GraphQL schema