Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

RISC-V: KVM: Teardown riscv specific bits after kvm_exit

During a module removal, kvm_exit invokes arch specific disable
call which disables AIA. However, we invoke aia_exit before kvm_exit
resulting in the following warning. KVM kernel module can't be inserted
afterwards due to inconsistent state of IRQ.

[25469.031389] percpu IRQ 31 still enabled on CPU0!
[25469.031732] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 943 at kernel/irq/manage.c:2476 __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150
[25469.031804] Modules linked in: kvm(-)
[25469.031848] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 943 Comm: rmmod Not tainted 6.14.0-rc5-06947-g91c763118f47-dirty #2
[25469.031905] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)
[25469.031928] epc : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150
[25469.031976] ra : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150
[25469.032197] epc : ffffffff8007db1e ra : ffffffff8007db1e sp : ff2000000088bd50
[25469.032241] gp : ffffffff8131cef8 tp : ff60000080b96400 t0 : ff2000000088baf8
[25469.032285] t1 : fffffffffffffffc t2 : 5249207570637265 s0 : ff2000000088bd90
[25469.032329] s1 : ff60000098b21080 a0 : 037d527a15eb4f00 a1 : 037d527a15eb4f00
[25469.032372] a2 : 0000000000000023 a3 : 0000000000000001 a4 : ffffffff8122dbf8
[25469.032410] a5 : 0000000000000fff a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : ffffffff8122dc10
[25469.032448] s2 : ff60000080c22eb0 s3 : 0000000200000022 s4 : 000000000000001f
[25469.032488] s5 : ff60000080c22e00 s6 : ffffffff80c351c0 s7 : 0000000000000000
[25469.032582] s8...

Classification

CVE ID: CVE-2025-23135

Affected Products

Vendor: Linux

Product: Linux, Linux

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

EPSS Score: 0.02% (probability of being exploited)

EPSS Percentile: 2.53% (scored less or equal to compared to others)

EPSS Date: 2025-04-18 (when was this score calculated)

References

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23135
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1edb2de48616b11ee05e9a65d74c70abcb6d9939
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1521cc04f0b6e737ff30105aa57fa9dde8493231
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2d117e67f318303f6ab699a5511d1fac3f170545

Timeline