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Threat and Vulnerability Intelligence Database
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CVE-2025-20181 |
Description: A vulnerability in Cisco IOS Software for Cisco Catalyst 2960X, 2960XR, 2960CX, and 3560CX Series Switches could allow an authenticated, local attacker with privilege level 15 or an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to the device to execute persistent code at boot time and break the chain of trust.
This vulnerability is due to missing signature verification for specific files that may be loaded during the device boot process. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by placing a crafted file into a specific location on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code at boot time.
Because this allows the attacker to bypass a major security feature of the device, Cisco has raised the Security Impact Rating (SIR) of this advisory from Medium to High.
CVSS: MEDIUM (6.8) EPSS Score: 0.03%
May 7th, 2025 (about 2 months ago)
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CVE-2025-20157 |
Description: A vulnerability in certificate validation processing of Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager, formerly Cisco SD-WAN vManage, could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain access to sensitive information.
This vulnerability is due to improper validation of certificates that are used by the Smart Licensing feature. An attacker with a privileged network position could exploit this vulnerability by intercepting traffic that is sent over the Internet. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to gain access to sensitive information, including credentials used by the device to connect to Cisco cloud services.
CVSS: MEDIUM (5.9) EPSS Score: 0.02%
May 7th, 2025 (about 2 months ago)
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CVE-2025-20155 |
Description: A vulnerability in the bootstrap loading of Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to write arbitrary files to an affected system.
This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of the bootstrap file that is read by the system software when a device is first deployed in SD-WAN mode or when an administrator configures SD-Routing on the device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by modifying a bootstrap file generated by Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager, loading it into the device flash, and then either reloading the device in a green field deployment in SD-WAN mode or configuring the device with SD-Routing. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform arbitrary file writes to the underlying operating system.
CVSS: MEDIUM (6.0) EPSS Score: 0.01%
May 7th, 2025 (about 2 months ago)
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CVE-2025-20151 |
Description: A vulnerability in the implementation of the Simple Network Management Protocol Version 3 (SNMPv3) feature of Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to poll an affected device using SNMP, even if the device is configured to deny SNMP traffic from an unauthorized source or the SNMPv3 username is removed from the configuration.
This vulnerability exists because of the way that the SNMPv3 configuration is stored in the Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software startup configuration. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by polling an affected device from a source address that should have been denied. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform SNMP operations from a source that should be denied.
Note: The attacker has no control of the SNMPv3 configuration. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid SNMPv3 user credentials.
For more information, see the section of this advisory.
CVSS: MEDIUM (4.3) EPSS Score: 0.05%
May 7th, 2025 (about 2 months ago)
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CVE-2025-20147 |
Description: A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager, formerly Cisco SD-WAN vManage, could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to conduct a stored cross-site scripting attack (XSS) on an affected system.
This vulnerability is due to improper sanitization of user input to the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by submitting a malicious script through the interface. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to conduct a stored XSS attack on the affected system.
CVSS: MEDIUM (5.4) EPSS Score: 0.04% SSVC Exploitation: none
May 7th, 2025 (about 2 months ago)
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CVE-2025-20137 |
Description: A vulnerability in the access control list (ACL) programming of Cisco IOS Software that is running on Cisco Catalyst 1000 Switches and Cisco Catalyst 2960L Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass a configured ACL.
This vulnerability is due to the use of both an IPv4 ACL and a dynamic ACL of IP Source Guard on the same interface, which is an unsupported configuration. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by attempting to send traffic through an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass an ACL on the affected device.
Note: Cisco documentation has been updated to reflect that this is an unsupported configuration. However, Cisco is publishing this advisory because the device will not prevent an administrator from configuring both features on the same interface. There are no plans to implement the ability to configure both features on the same interface on Cisco Catalyst 1000 or Catalyst 2960L Switches.
CVSS: MEDIUM (4.7) EPSS Score: 0.03%
May 7th, 2025 (about 2 months ago)
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CVE-2025-46551 |
Description: JRuby-OpenSSL is an add-on gem for JRuby that emulates the Ruby OpenSSL native library. Starting in JRuby-OpenSSL version 0.12.1 and prior to version 0.15.4 (corresponding to JRuby versions starting in 9.3.4.0 prior to 9.4.12.1 and 10.0.0.0 prior to 10.0.0.1), when verifying SSL certificates, JRuby-OpenSSL does not verify that the hostname presented in the certificate matches the one the user tries to connect to. This means a man-in-the-middle could just present any valid cert for a completely different domain they own, and JRuby would accept the cert. Anybody using JRuby to make requests of external APIs, or scraping the web, that depends on https to connect securely. JRuby-OpenSSL version 0.15.4 contains a fix for the issue. This fix is included in JRuby versions 10.0.0.1 and 9.4.12.1.
CVSS: MEDIUM (5.7) EPSS Score: 0.03%
May 7th, 2025 (about 2 months ago)
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Description: Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value vulnerability in Apache ActiveMQ.
During unmarshalling of OpenWire commands the size value of buffers was not properly validated which could lead to excessive memory allocation and be exploited to cause a denial of service (DoS) by depleting process memory, thereby affecting applications and services that rely on the availability of the ActiveMQ broker when not using mutual TLS connections.
This issue affects Apache ActiveMQ: from 6.0.0 before 6.1.6, from 5.18.0 before 5.18.7, from 5.17.0 before 5.17.7, before 5.16.8. ActiveMQ 5.19.0 is not affected.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 6.1.6+, 5.19.0+, 5.18.7+, 5.17.7, or 5.16.8 or which fixes the issue.
Existing users may implement mutual TLS to mitigate the risk on affected brokers.
References
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27533
https://lists.apache.org/thread/8hcm25vf7mchg4zbbhnlx2lc5bs705hg
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/05/06/1
https://github.com/apache/activemq/commit/fc4372b9f0f72b8b5eed917f0019c5cea45c5d06
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/AMQ-6596
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-whxr-3p84-rf3c
CVSS: MEDIUM (6.9) EPSS Score: 0.37%
May 7th, 2025 (about 2 months ago)
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Description: Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value vulnerability in Apache ActiveMQ.
During unmarshalling of OpenWire commands the size value of buffers was not properly validated which could lead to excessive memory allocation and be exploited to cause a denial of service (DoS) by depleting process memory, thereby affecting applications and services that rely on the availability of the ActiveMQ broker when not using mutual TLS connections.
This issue affects Apache ActiveMQ: from 6.0.0 before 6.1.6, from 5.18.0 before 5.18.7, from 5.17.0 before 5.17.7, before 5.16.8. ActiveMQ 5.19.0 is not affected.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 6.1.6+, 5.19.0+, 5.18.7+, 5.17.7, or 5.16.8 or which fixes the issue.
Existing users may implement mutual TLS to mitigate the risk on affected brokers.
References
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27533
https://lists.apache.org/thread/8hcm25vf7mchg4zbbhnlx2lc5bs705hg
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/05/06/1
https://github.com/apache/activemq/commit/fc4372b9f0f72b8b5eed917f0019c5cea45c5d06
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/AMQ-6596
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-whxr-3p84-rf3c
CVSS: MEDIUM (6.9) EPSS Score: 0.37%
May 7th, 2025 (about 2 months ago)
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CVE-2025-20155 |
Description:
A vulnerability in the bootstrap loading of Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to write arbitrary files to an affected system.
This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of the bootstrap file that is read by the system software when a device is first deployed in SD-WAN mode or when an administrator configures SD-Routing on the device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by modifying a bootstrap file generated by Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager, loading it into the device flash, and then either reloading the device in a green field deployment in SD-WAN mode or configuring the device with SD-Routing. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform arbitrary file writes to the underlying operating system.
Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.
This advisory is available at the following link:https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-bootstrap-KfgxYgdh
This advisory is part of the May 2025 release of the Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software Security Advisory Bundled Publication. For a complete list of the advisories and links to them, see Cisco Event Response: May 2025 Semiannual Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software Security Advisory Bundled Publication.
Security Impact Rating: Medium
CVE: CVE-2025-20155
CVSS: MEDIUM (6.0) EPSS Score: 0.01%
May 7th, 2025 (about 2 months ago)
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